TBT-S Research Evidence

Wierenga, C.E. & Steinglass, J.E., Eds. (June, 2025). Handbook of the Neurobiology of Eating Disorders. London: Oxford University Press. 

Hill, L., Peck, S. and Wierenga, C. (2022). Temperament Based Therapy with Support for Anorexia Nervosa: A Novel Treatment. Cambridge University Press, England or Amazon

2024-2027 multisite Random Control Trial granted by the Government of Norway. PI: Kristin Stedal, PhD, Oslo University Hospital, Division of Mental Health and  Addiction, Centre for National and Regional Mental Health Services, Regional  Department for Eating Disorders, Norway.   

Stedal K, Funderud I, Lindstedt K. How Do Patients and Their Supports Experience Temperament Based Therapy With Support (TBT-S)? A Qualitative Study. Int J Eat Disord. 2024 Sep 13. doi: 10.1002/eat.24289. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 39268920. 

Peck SK, Towne T, Wierenga C, Perry T, Miller M, Kim J, Kaye W. Parental perceptions of participation in young adult-focused eating disorder treatment. Eur Eat Disord Rev. 2024 Mar 21. doi: 10.1002/erv.3084. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 38512766.  Click here

Hill L. Temperament impact on eating disorder symptoms and habit formation: a novel model to inform treatment. J Eat Disord. 2024 Mar 19;12(1):40. doi: 10.1186/s40337-024-00998-x. PMID: 38504375; PMCID: PMC10953227.  Click here

Wierenga, C.E., Knatz Peck, S., Kaye, W.H., Hill, L. (2023). Temperament Based Therapy with Support (TBT-S): A Multi-Family Neurobiologically-Informed Treatment Approach for Adults with Anorexia Nervosa. In Solange Cook-Darzens & Sophie Criquillion-Doublet (Eds). Les thérapies multifamiliales appliquées aux troubles des conduites alimentaire (Multifamily Therapy: Applications to eating disorders). Issy-les-Moulineax, Elsevier Masson.

Stedal, K., Funderud, I., Wierenga, C.E.., Peck, S.K., & Hill, L. Acceptability, feasibility and short-term outcomes of temperament based therapy with support (TBT-S): a novel 5-day treatment for eating disorders. J Eat Disord 11, 156 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1186/s40337-023-00878-w 

Hovland, I. H., V. Flaaten and K. Stedal (2023). "Temperamentbasert terapi med støtte (TBT-S): en nevrobiologisk-fokusert tilnærming til ernæringsbehandling av spiseforstyrrelser." Norsk tidsskrift for ernæring 21(3): 12-17. Click here

Tsiaka, M. & Dieti, E. A pilot study: Preliminary results on the acceptability and possible benefits of Temperament Based Treatment with Supports (TBT-S), a 4-day multifamily treatment for adolescents and adults with Anorexia Nervosa in Greece. ICED 2022. Click here 

Knatz Peck, S., Towne, T., Wierenga, C. E., Hill, L., Eisler, I., Brown, T., Han, E., Miller, M., Perry, T.,  & Kaye, W. (2021). Temperament-based treatment for young adults with eating disorders: acceptability and initial efficacy of an intensive, multifamily, parent-involved treatment. Journal of eating disorders, 9(1), 110. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40337-021-00465-x 

Hower, H., Reilly, E.E., Wierenga, C.E., Kaye, W.H. (2021). Last word: a call to view temperamental traits as dual vulnerabilities and strengths in anorexia nervosa. Eating Disorders: The Journal of Treatment and Prevention, 54(4):621-626. Click here

Wierenga, C.E., Hill, L., Peck, S.K., McCray, J., Greathouse, L., Peterson, D., Scott, A., Eisler, I. & Kaye, W.H. (2018). .  IJED, 51 (8) 863-869. Wiley, NY.  The acceptability, feasibility, and possible benefits of a neurobiologically‐informed 5‐day multifamily treatment for adults with anorexia nervosa. Click here to access. 

Wierenga CE, Hill L, Knatz Peck S, McCray J, Greathouse L, Peterson D, Scott A, Eisler I, Kaye WH. The acceptability, feasibility, and possible benefits of a neurobiologically-informed 5-day multifamily treatment for adults with anorexia nervosa. Int J Eat Disord. 2018 Aug;51(8):863-869. doi: 10.1002/eat.22876. Epub 2018 May 2. PMID: 29722047.  Online access.

Reilly EE, Lavender JM, Berner LA, Brown TA, Wierenga CE, Kaye WH. Could repetitive negative thinking interfere with corrective learning? The example of anorexia nervosa. Int J Eat Disord. 2018 Dec 31. doi: 10.1002/eat.22997. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 30597593. Online access.

Hill, L. (2017). The Venus Fly Trap and the Landmine: Novel Tools for Eating Disorder Treatment. in Innovations in Family Therapy for Eating Disorders: Novel Treatment Developments, Patient 

Insights, and the Role of Carers. S. Murray, L. Anderson, & L. Cohen (Eds.). New York: Routledge. Pgs. 281-285. Click here

Knatz Peck, S., Braden, A., Boutelle, K. (2017). Parent coaching model for adolescents with emotional eating. In, S. Murray, L. Anderson, & L. Cohen (Eds.), Innovations in Family Therapy for Eating Disorders: Novel Treatment Developments, Patient Insights, and the Role of Carers. New York: Routledge.  Click here

Knatz Peck, S. (2017). How I practice: Using behavioral contracting as a treatment strategy for individuals with eating disorders. In, S. Murray, L. Anderson, & L. Cohen (Eds.), Innovations in Family Therapy for Eating Disorders: Novel Treatment Developments, Patient Insights, and the Role of Carers. New York: Routledge. Click here

Simac, M., Berner, L., Knatz Peck, S., & Eisler, I. (2017). Clinical treatment applications for adolescent anorexia nervosa: New treatment applications. In, S. Murray, L. Anderson, & L. Cohen (Eds.), Innovations in Family Therapy for Eating Disorders: Novel Treatment Developments, Patient Insights, and the Role of Carers. New York: Routledge. Click here

Knatz Peck, S., Kaye, W. (2017). Clinical treatment strategies for comorbid anxiety and eating disorders. In, S. Murray, L. Anderson (Eds.), Clinical Handbook of Complex and Atypical Eating Disorders. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Click here

Hill, L. (2017). Can Your Brain Cure Anorexia? A Brain-Based Approach to Eating Disorder Treatment. Eating Disorders Catalogue. doi.org edcatalogue.com/hill/#more-4635. Online access.

Knatz, S., Kaye, W., Marzola, E., & Boutelle, K. A brief, intensive application of family-based treatment for eating disorders. In K. Loeb, D. le Grange, & J. Locke (Eds.), Family Therapy for Adolescent Eating and Weight Disorder: New Applications! New York: Routledge. Click here

Hill L, Peck SK, Wierenga CE, Kaye WH. Applying neurobiology to the treatment of adults with anorexia nervosa. J Eat Disord. 2016 Dec 5;4:31. doi: 10.1186/s40337-016-0119-x. PMID: 27980771; PMCID: PMC5137219. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5137219/

Bailer UF, Price JC, Meltzer CC, Wagner A, Mathis CA, Gamst A, Kaye WH. Dopaminergic activity and altered reward modulation in anorexia nervosa-insight from multimodal imaging. Int J Eat Disord. 2017 May;50(5):593-596. doi: 10.1002/eat.22638. Epub 2016 Oct 18. PMID: 27753106; PMCID: PMC5395366.Kaye, Online access.

Knatz, S., Wierenga, C., Murray, S. B., Hill, L., & Kaye, W. H. (2015). Neurobiologically-Informed Treatment for Adult Anorexia: A Novel Approach to a Chronic Disorder. Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience, 17(2), 229-236.Kaye, Online access.

Knatz, S., Wierenga, C.E., Murray, S.B., Hill, L., Kaye, W.H. (2015). Neurobiologically informed treatment for adults with anorexia nervosa: A novel approach to a chronic disorder. Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience, 17(2): 229-36.

Hill LL, Scott MM. The Venus Fly Trap and the Land Mine: Novel Tools for Eating Disorder Treatment. Eat Disord. 2015;23(4):387-92. doi: 10.1080/10640266.2015.1044353. Epub 2015 May 26. PMID: 26010261. Online access.

Kaye WH, Wierenga CE, Knatz S, Liang J, Boutelle K, Hill L, Eisler I. Temperament-based treatment for anorexia nervosa. Eur Eat Disord Rev. 2015 Jan;23(1):12-8. doi: 10.1002/erv.2330. Epub 2014 Nov 6. PMID: 25377622. Online access.

Firth, S. (2014). Wired to Starve. Scientific American Mind. Online access.

Kaye WH, Wierenga CE, Bailer UF, Simmons AN, Bischoff-Grethe A. Nothing tastes as good as skinny feels: the neurobiology of anorexia nervosa. Trends Neurosci. 2013 Feb;36(2):110-20. doi: 10.1016/j.tins.2013.01.003. Epub 2013 Jan 18. PMID: 23333342; PMCID: PMC3880159. Online access.

Knatz, S., Kaye, W., Marzola, E., & Boutelle, K. (2011). A brief, intensive application of family-based treatment for eating disorders. In K. Loeb, D. le Grange, & J. Locke (Eds.), Family Therapy for Adolescent Eating and Weight Disorder: New Applications. New York: Routledge. On Amazon.